Durnishnik ordinary or Durnishnik goiter (Xanthium strumarium) — herbaceous annual plant, the genus Durnishnik (Xanthium), the family Asteraceae (Asteraceae). The stem is stiff, straight, usually branched, reddish or green-gray, short rough-hairy, up to 120 cm high. The leaves are heart-shaped, 3-5 lobed, without spines at the base, irregularly large-toothed at the edges, light green below, green above, with petioles, up to 10 cm long. The crushed leaves emit a pleasant apple smell. The flowers form unisexual and monoecious heads, collected in axillary spike-shaped inflorescences. Baskets with male flowers are located in the upper part of the common inflorescence, with female flowers-in the lower part. Male heads — five-flowered, female — two-flowered. The fruits are oval, oblong achenes, enclosed in a hard, prickly and tenacious shell, 1-2 cm in diameter. The coplodium is grayish-green or green, and consists of two achenes. Common durnishnik blooms in the second half of summer, achenes ripen in early autumn. Greasy seed oil in an unrefined form can be used for the production of drying oil. And the refined oil is pleasant to the taste and suitable for food. One hectare of common durnishnik gives 200-225 kg of oil. The roots and leaves contain coloring yellow substances that can be used to color fabrics. Folk names: goitre (for the ability to heal goitre), common scabbard, sheep's thistle, saluchnik. The Russian name arose, most likely, from the transformation of the word "ugly"into the masculine gender.